Rum Guide

What Is Rum?

Rum is a distilled spirit made primarily from sugarcane byproducts — usually molasses, but sometimes fresh sugarcane juice or sugarcane syrup. It originated in the Caribbean and became one of the world’s defining spirits through colonial trade, naval history, and cocktail culture.

Rum is incredibly broad stylistically. Depending on where and how it’s made, it can be:

  • Light and crisp

  • Rich and funky

  • Grassy and vegetal

  • Sweet and dessert-like

  • Smoky and oak-driven

A Short History of Rum

Early Origins (1600s)

Rum production began in the Caribbean during the 17th century, especially in sugar-producing colonies like:

  • Barbados

  • Jamaica

  • Cuba

Sugar plantations produced huge amounts of molasses, previously considered waste. Enslaved workers and plantation operators discovered it could be fermented and distilled into alcohol.

Barbados is often credited as the birthplace of commercial rum production.

The Age of Sail & Colonial Trade

Rum became central to:

  • The British Royal Navy

  • Caribbean trade

  • Colonial economies

  • Transatlantic “Triangle Trade”

The British Navy issued daily rum rations (“tot”) to sailors for centuries until 1970.

Rum was also deeply tied to slavery and plantation economies, an essential but painful part of its history.

Modern Rum

In the 20th century:

  • Cuban-style light rum fueled cocktail culture

  • Tiki bars popularised tropical drinks

  • Premium aged rums emerged

  • Modern craft distilleries revived traditional methods

Today, rum ranges from inexpensive mixing spirits to premium sipping bottles comparable to whisky or cognac.

White Rum

Usually:

  • Light bodied

  • Filtered after aging

  • Clean and subtle

Common in:

  • Mojitos

  • Daiquiris

  • Piña Coladas

Typical Style

  • Vanilla

  • Citrus

  • Light sugarcane sweetness

Famous Producers

  • Bacardí

  • Havana Club

  • Don Q